By Shristi Amatya

The leaders of the BRICS member countries supported a comprehensive reform of the United Nations (UN), including its Security Council, to increase democracy, representativeness and efficiency. The corresponding position is reflected in the Kazan Declaration adopted following the BRICS summit.
The document contains 134 points on 43 pages. Among the main topics are the further development of the association, the position on various global problems, sanctions, the settlement of regional crises, including in Ukraine and the Middle East.
Key points:
The BRICS countries called for preventing an arms race in space and also called for the development of a document on space security.

The states called for strengthening the non-proliferation regime and a nuclear-free zone in the Middle East.
They are also concerned about the escalation in the Middle East, condemned the Israeli attack on the Iranian embassy and the detonation of pagers in Lebanon.
The leaders emphasized the need for all parties to resume the Iranian nuclear deal.
The BRICS countries recalled their national positions on the conflict in Ukraine and noted the proposals for mediation.
The states highly value the Russian Federation’s chairmanship of the association.
The BRICS countries agreed to simplify trade procedures between states.
The leaders called for the prompt finalization and adoption of a comprehensive convention against international terrorism within the UN.
They noted the progress in implementing common projects in the fields of biomedicine, green energy, space science and polar research.
The BRICS countries called for reform of the Bretton Woods institutions by enhancing the contribution of developing countries to the global economy.
The leaders agreed to share best practices in the field of intellectual property rights protection.
The BRICS countries are deeply concerned about the negative impact of unilateral sanctions on the global economy and other areas.

They are concerned about conflicts in different regions of the world and are committed to their peaceful resolution and elimination of their root causes.
The BRICS countries look forward to further strengthening practical cooperation in the fight against terrorism.
The leaders “welcomed” the proposals for “good offices” in the Ukrainian settlement.
The BRICS countries welcome the creation of a new investment platform that will use the infrastructure of the New Development Bank. The leaders also support an increase in the number of countries – shareholders of the New Development Bank and an expedited review of applications from countries of the association.
They recognize the legitimate and justified security concerns of all states.
The BRICS countries support an open multilateral trading system with a central role for the WTO, with special treatment for developing countries. They agreed to jointly oppose unilateral protectionist measures that are not in line with the WTO.
They will increase the turnover of precious metals according to Kimberley Process standards.
The leaders oppose the politicization of cooperation in the fight against transnational crime.
The BRICS countries recognize the enormous potential of ICT to bridge the digital divide for socio-economic growth and development. They call for a balanced approach to the development and security of ICT products and systems.
The leaders intend to expand the dialogue on technology export controls.
The BRICS countries called for an immediate ceasefire in Gaza and the release of all hostages without preconditions.
The leaders warned that escalation in Gaza is fraught with global consequences and called on the parties to the conflict to exercise restraint.
They also condemned Israeli attacks on humanitarian points and infrastructure in Palestine.
BRICS will study the creation of a single transport platform to ensure multimodal logistics between the countries of the association.
The leaders spoke in favor of unconditional respect for the sovereignty of Syria and the protection of its territorial integrity.
The BRICS countries will expand cooperation in the field of remote sensing satellites.
They intend to expand cooperation in the field of competition law.

The BRICS countries are resolutely against any form of discrimination in holding sports competitions.
The states supported the “modalities of the partner country category” and welcomed the interest of other countries in the association.
The BRICS countries support the initiative of the Russian Federation to create a Grain Exchange with coverage of other agricultural sectors in the future.
The leaders supported the admission of the State of Palestine within the 1967 borders to the UN.
The BRICS countries will continue to develop inter-parliamentary cooperation, the leaders also recognized the importance of dialogue between the political parties of the association.
The countries agreed to transform the New Development Bank into a multilateral development bank for emerging market countries.
BRICS countries agreed to intensify financial cooperation amid geopolitical risks.
The leaders are ready to coordinate to strengthen the role of the global South and integrate its priorities into the G20 agenda.
BRICS countries will continue to develop joint multilateral projects in the field of tourism and strengthen humanitarian ties.
BRICS will promote trade in agricultural products, which must be protected from unlawful restrictive measures.
BRICS countries advocate for the UN to play an important role in global AI governance.
The states pointed out the need to reform the current international financial architecture to address financial problems.
BRICS countries agreed to study the possibility of creating an independent cross-border settlement and depository infrastructure BRICS Clear.
The leaders expect the adoption of a draft convention of the global organization on combating cybercrime at the 79th session of the UN General Assembly.
The states supported the use of alternative currencies within the pool of currency reserves of the association.
The BRICS countries emphasize the importance of ensuring the integrity of information, its free flow and open access to reliable facts.

The BRICS countries condemn the terrorist attacks on trans-border energy infrastructure facilities and call for their impartial investigation.
The BRICS leaders supported a comprehensive reform of the UN to increase its democracy, representativeness and effectiveness.
The BRICS countries support the further development of the BRICS Clean Rivers climate initiative.
The states are against discriminatory protectionist measures taken under the guise of concern for environmental issues.
The BRICS countries spoke out in favor of a multipolar world order.
The states consider it necessary to strengthen cooperation in the development of vaccines and nuclear medicine projects, which makes a significant contribution to the development of medicine in the world as a whole.
The BRICS countries noted the crucial role of women in the political and socio-economic development of states.
They called for urgent allocation of financial resources and policies to address desertification and drought.
The leaders called on developed countries to fulfil their commitments to help countries in need.
The BRICS participants called on developed countries to provide effective and easily accessible resources to developing countries for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity.
Ukraine is mentioned only once in the 43-page Kazan Declaration of BRICS, briefly and without harsh wording.

Source : https://www.peoplesreview.com.np/2024/10/25/kazan-declaration-of-the-brics-summit/